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مسار الصفحة الحالية:

it was ruled nominally under a caliphate. The

Egyptian Ayyubid dynasty ruled there from 1173 to

1229, after which the region passed to the Rasulids.

From 1517 through 1918, the Ottoman Empire

maintained varying degrees of control, especially

in the northwestern section. A boundary

agreement was reached in 1934 between the

northwestern imam-controlled territory, which subsequently

became the Yemen Arab Republic (North

Yemen), and the southeastern British-controlled territory,

which subsequently became the People’s Democratic

Republic of Yemen (South Yemen). Relations

between the two Yemens remained tense and

were marked by conflict throughout the 1970s and

1980s. Reaching an accord, the two officially united

as the Republic of Yemen in 1990. Its 1993 elections

were the first free, multiparty general elections

held in the Arabian Peninsula, and they were

the first in which women participated. In 1994,

after a two-month civil war, a new constitution was

approved.

Location:

Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia

Area:

total: 527,968 sq km

Climate:

mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east

Natural resources:

petroleum, fish, rock salt, marble; small deposits of coal, gold, lead, nickel, and copper; fertile soil in west

Population:

22,858,238 (July 2009 est.)

country comparison to the world: 49

Ethnic groups:

predominantly Arab; but also Afro-Arab, South Asians, Europeans

Religions:

Muslim including Shaf'i (Sunni) and Zaydi (Shia), small numbers of Jewish, Christian, and Hindu

Languages:

Arabic

Government type:

republic

Capital:

name: Sanaa

Administrative divisions:

21 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Abyan, 'Adan (Aden), Ad Dali', Al Bayda', Al Hudaydah, Al Jawf, Al Mahrah, Al Mahwit, Amanat al 'Asimah, 'Amran, Dhamar, Hadramawt, Hajjah, Ibb, Lahij, Ma'rib, Raymah, Sa'dah, San'a' (Sanaa), Shabwah, Ta'izz

National holiday:

Unification Day, 22 May (1990)

ـ[بَحْرُ الرَّمَل]ــــــــ[03 - 11 - 2010, 12:24 م]ـ

All above mentioning countries in addition to Djibouti, Somalia and Comoros form League of Arab States (LAS; also called Arab League)

Founded: 1945

ـ[بَحْرُ الرَّمَل]ــــــــ[03 - 11 - 2010, 12:26 م]ـ

COMOROS

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/graphics/flags/large/cn-lgflag.gif (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/flags/flagtemplate_cn.html)

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/graphics/maps/newmaps/cn-map.gif (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/maps/maptemplate_cn.html)

Background

The Comoro Islands were known to European navigators

from the 16th century. In 1843 France officially

took possession of Mayotte and in 1886 placed the

other three islands under protection. Subordinated to

Madagascar in 1912, Comoros became an overseas

territory of France in 1947. In 1961 it was granted

autonomy. In 1974 majorities on three of the islands

voted for independence, which was granted in 1975.

The following decade saw several coup attempts,

which culminated in the assassination of the president

in 1989. French intervention permitted multiparty

elections in 1990, but the country remained in

a state of chronic instability. Anjouan and Mohéli seceded

from the Comoros federation in 1997. The

army took control of the government in 1999. A referendum

at the end of 2001 renamed the country

the Union of the Comoros and granted the three main

islands partially autonomous status.

Location:

Southern Africa, group of islands at the northern mouth of the Mozambique Channel, about two-thirds of the way between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique

Area:

total: 2,235 sq km

Climate:

tropical marine; rainy season (November to May)

Natural resources:

NEGL

Population:

752,438 (July 2009 est.)

country comparison to the world: 161

Ethnic groups:

Antalote, Cafre, Makoa, Oimatsaha, Sakalava

Religions:

Sunni Muslim 98%, Roman Catholic 2%

Languages:

Arabic (official), French (official), Shikomoro (a blend of Swahili and Arabic)

Government type:

republic

Capital:

name: Moroni

Administrative divisions:

3 islands and 4 municipalities*; Grande Comore (N'gazidja), Anjouan (Ndzuwani), Domoni*, Fomboni*, Moheli (Mwali), Moroni*, Moutsamoudou*

National holiday:

Independence Day, 6 July (1975

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