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فصول الكتاب

Converted to Islam and joined the Muslims

just as they were about to enter Mecca.

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Ali Son of Abu Tilib. First cousin of the

Prophet. 'Ali later married Fatimah, the

youngest daughter of the Prophet.

Allahu Akar Phrase meaning 'God Allah is Great'.

Alms Money, clothes or food given to the poor.

Aminah Aminah bint Wahb. The motherof the Prophet.

'Amro Ibun An important and clever man from

Al'ass Quraysh; was sent to Abyssinia to bring

back the first Muslim emigrants. Later

became one of the great Warriors of Islam.

Ansar The inhabitants of Medinah who became

Muslims and asked the Prophet to come

and live with them.

Apostle Person sent to teach men about God.

Wa Aleikum Phrase used by the Muslims in greeting,

Assalamu meaning: 'May the Peace, Mercy and Grace

Rahmatullah of Allah be upon you.

Wa

Barakatuiiu

Bah1ira A monk who lived in the desert on the

Quraysh caravan route to Syria.

Bani Hashim The branch of Quraysh to which the Prophet belonged.

Bani Qurayzah A Jewish tribe who were living in Yathrib

at the time the Prophet arrived there. Several

times they betrayed their Covenant with

the Prophet, forcing him to fight them.

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Bedouin Nomadic Arabs of the desert, usually shepherds.

Bilal The Slave of Umayyah ibn Khalaf. He

became a Muslim against the will of his

master and was persecuted cruelly but

never lost his faith. Later he became the

first mu'adhdhin (the person who calls the

adhan).

Bismillah The phrase meaning 'In the Name of Allah

the Merciful, The Compassionate'.

Booty Things captured from an enemy in war.

Buraq Animal ridden by the Prophet Muliammad ~

on his ascent to heaven (the Isra' and Mi'raj).

Caravan A group of travellers, usually merchants

with their goods.

Clan Large family or tribe.

Congregation Gathering of people for prayer.

Convert To change from one state into another,

usually said of religion.

Copt An Egyptian Christian.

Descendants People originating from a certain person

(children,

grandchildren, etc.).

Destined Fated, already decided by God.

Famine Scarcity of food.

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Fast To go without food and water, e.g. the

month of Ramadan.

Fitrah The pure original nature God gave to man.

Gabriel (Jibril) The Archangel who conveyed the

Revelation of the Quran to the Prophet from

Allah.

Graze To feed on grass, as sheep do.

Guardian One who is responsible for someone (e.g. a

child)? A place, or thing.

Hadith An account of what the Prophet ~ said or

did, or his silent approval of something said

or done in his presence

Hagar Abraham's second wife and mother of his

(Haajar) first son Ishmael.

Halimah A Bedouin woman from Bani Sa'd, who

cared for the Prophet during his early

childhood.

Hamzah The Prophet's uncle; one of the bravest

and strongest of the Muslims. Fought at

Badr and was killed in Uhud.

Has Him Son of Abdu Manif. Organized the caravan

journeys of Quraysh to Syria and Yemen.

As a result Mecca grew rich and became a

large and important centre of trade.

Heraclius Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire.

Hermit A holy man who lives far away from

people. 100

Hiurah The flight from Mecca to Medinah;

emigration

Hind Abu Sufyin's wife.

Imam A man who leads the Muslims in prayer.

Ishmael The first son of Abraham from his wife

(Isma'il) Hagar. Settled in Mecca where he helped

his father rebuild the Kabah. From his

descendants came Quraysh.

Islam Religion revealed to the Prophet

Muhammad.

Ja'far Ibn Abu A cousin of the Prophet and brother of

Ali,

Tallb he was the spokesman of the Muslims who

emigrated to Abyssinia.

Khadijah The Prophet Mohammed’s first and only

wife until her death. She was the first to

believe in the Prophet and to accept as true

the Message he brought from Allah.

Khalid Ibn Al- A great warrior, very skilled at warfare. He

Walid planned the defeat of the Muslims at Uhud,

but later converted to Islam and fought

even more strongly for his new faith.

Martyr One who dies in the cause of God.

Maysarah Khadijah's slave. Accompanied the Prophet

on his journey with Khadijah's caravans.

Minaret Tower from which the call to prayer is

made. 101

Mosque Building in which Muslims pray.

Muslim One who submits to God, usually referring

to the followers of the Prophet Muhammad.

Oasis A small area in the desert where water and

trees are to be found.

Paradise Place to which the souls of good people go

after death

Pilgrimage Journey to a holy place, e.g. Hajj 102

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